老千

10日进行的2022年温网女双决赛中，中国选手张帅和她的比利时搭档梅尔滕斯以2∶6和4∶6不敌赛会2号种子克雷吉茨科娃/西尼亚科娃屈居亚军，后者时隔4年再度拿下温网女双冠军。    Mosquitoes use the body odor, heat, and carbon dioxide that humans emit, varying from person to person, to find their next meal. The study, which was published in the scientific journal Cell, reveals that mosquitoes may perceive odors via a variety of distinct pathways, in contrast to animals, which have a single set of neurons that detect each sort of odor.,Female mosquitoes use the variety of odors that people and other animals produce to find the blood that will feed their eggs. The olfactory neurons in the insects' antennae, which are where they take up scents, detect and send scent information to the brain.,Groups of human-odor receptors on the olfactory neurons in the antennae of female mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti) were rendered inactive by the study's lead author Meg Younger and her colleagues at Boston University in Massachusetts using the gene editing tool CRISPR.,"We found that there’s a real difference in the way mosquitoes encode the odors that they encounter compared to what we’ve learned from other animals,” Younger is quoted as saying in the Guardian report on the findings.,According to Younger, the scientists believed that mosquitoes would adhere to the core tenet of olfaction, which states that each neuron expresses only one type of receptor.,“Instead, what we’ve seen is that different receptors can respond to different odors in the same neuron," she added.,This reportedly suggests that mosquitoes can still detect human odors after losing one or more receptors. The researchers asserted that this backup system may have developed as a survival mechanism.,"The mosquito Aedes aegypti is specialized to bite humans, and it is believed that they evolved to do that because humans are always close to fresh water and mosquitoes lay their eggs in fresh water. We are basically the perfect meal, so the drive to find humans is extremely strong," Younger explained,In the end, the researchers argued, knowing how the mosquito brain perceives human odor could be used to influence biting behavior and stop the spread of diseases like malaria, dengue fever, and yellow fever that are transmitted by those insects.,"One major strategy for controlling mosquitoes is to attract them to traps to remove them from the biting population. If we could use this knowledge to understand how human odor is represented in the mosquito antennae and brain, we could develop blends that are more attractive to mosquitoes than we are. We could also develop repellants that target those receptors and neurons that detect human odor," Younger concluded.,Notably, Christopher Potter at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Maryland recently found a similar phenomenon in fruit flies, or Drosophila melanogaster.,“If one of these types of olfactory receptors is mutated or no longer functioning, there’s this backup system," Potter is quoted as saying in the New Scientist report. “It’s changing the dogma of what we thought we knew about the olfactory system.”,Science & TechSmell of Blood: Mosquitoes' Scent-Based Host-Seeking Mechanism Revealed16 May, 05:54 GMT。张帅赛后告诉《环球时报》特约记者，这个结果既不遗憾也不意外，因为对手发挥完全配得上冠军。张帅表示，自己并不紧张，虽然当天气温很高，阳光十分晃眼，影响发球质量，但这都不是失败的理由，因为对手实力够强，“她们的某些特点和技术发挥刚好压制我们。前几场比赛我们看上去（打得）轻松，是因为我们的实力、球路正好压制对手”。张帅说，（通过这场比赛）看到了对手实力，也看到了差距，这都是接下来要去追赶和学习的地方。此前几轮张帅的状态逐渐上升，对此她表示，这要靠每天的努力，靠“躺平”睡觉是不可能达到的。

二 | “只有运动员才知道，肉眼可见的一丁点改变已经是付出多少小时、多少个月甚至是多年汗水泪水的结果。

三 | 经常是我们已经很努力了，可是大家说没看见多少改变，所以对于那种让你‘哇’感到眼前一亮的冲击感，我们已经为之付出太多太多”。

张帅还在采访中谈到几位男子网球选手对自己的影响，“经历了很多之后我才明白，在挫折和困难面前感到窒息时，就是你能学到东西的时候。打球我最喜欢费德勒，做人我喜欢纳达尔，但从经历上来说我可能最接近德约科维奇，因为我们都在普通家庭长大，不像费德勒和纳达尔那样有‘贵族气质’。德约当年在塞尔维亚也相当艰苦，我们都是面对各种艰难困苦成长起来的，所以那种韧劲儿比任何人都要强”。此外，张帅还向后半夜看她打球的国内粉丝，以及在现场为她助威加油的中国观众表示感谢，“我想告诉大家：我还在努力，还在进步，我不想让你们失望”。结束温网之旅的张帅11日踏上前往布达佩斯的航班，她表示，自己上半年的积分并不多，而温网这次没有积分，自己也很需要积分使排名更进一步。接下来张帅计划在美网继续双打，但应该不会再与梅尔滕斯配对，“因为她有原配”。